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By Bojanna Shantheyanda, Sreya Dutta, Kevin Coscia and David SchiemerDynalene, Inc. Liquid air conditioning, which can be accomplished making use of indirect or direct means, is used in electronic devices applications having thermal power densities that may exceed safe dissipation with air cooling. Indirect liquid air conditioning is where warm dissipating digital components are physically separated from the fluid coolant, whereas in instance of direct cooling, the components are in straight call with the coolant.


Nonetheless, in indirect cooling applications the electric conductivity can be essential if there are leakages and/or splilling of the liquids onto the electronic devices. In the indirect cooling applications where water based liquids with corrosion preventions are generally utilized, the electrical conductivity of the liquid coolant generally relies on the ion focus in the fluid stream.


The increase in the ion concentration in a closed loophole fluid stream might take place because of ion seeping from steels and nonmetal components that the coolant liquid is in contact with. Throughout operation, the electrical conductivity of the liquid may raise to a degree which might be dangerous for the air conditioning system.

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(https://www.tripadvisor.in/Profile/chemie999)They are bead like polymers that can exchanging ions with ions in a service that it touches with. In today job, ion leaching tests were executed with numerous steels and polymers in both ultrapure deionized (DI) water, i.e. water which is dealt with to the highest degree of purity, and reduced electric conductive ethylene glycol/water combination, with the measured adjustment in conductivity reported with time.


The samples were enabled to equilibrate at area temperature for two days prior to taping the preliminary electric conductivity. In all examinations reported in this study fluid electrical conductivity was determined to an accuracy of 1% utilizing an Oakton disadvantage 510/CON 6 series meter which was calibrated before each measurement.

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from the wall surface heating coils to the center of the heating system. The PTFE example containers were put in the heating system when steady state temperatures were reached. The test configuration was gotten rid of from the heating system every 168 hours (7 days), cooled down to area temperature level with the electrical conductivity of the liquid measured.


The electric conductivity of the liquid example was monitored for a total amount of 5000 hours (208 days). Schematic of the indirect shut loop cooling down experiment set up. Components used in the indirect shut loop cooling down experiment that are in contact with the fluid coolant.


Prior to starting each experiment, the test configuration was rinsed with UP-H2O several times to get rid of any contaminants. The system was packed with 230 ml of UP-H2O and was allowed to equilibrate at area temperature level for an hour prior to videotaping the initial electric conductivity, which was 1.72 S/cm. Liquid electrical conductivity was gauged to an accuracy of 1%.

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During procedure the liquid storage tank temperature was maintained at 34C. The change in fluid electrical conductivity was checked for 136 hours. The meg glycol fluid from the system was collected and stored. Closed loophole examination with ion exchange resin was brought out with the very same cleaning procedures employed. The first electric conductivity of the 230ml UP-H2O in the system measured 1.84 S/cm.


Table 2. Test matrix for both ion leaching and indirect shut loophole cooling experiments. Table 2 reveals the examination matrix that was utilized for both ion leaching and shut loophole indirect cooling experiments. The adjustment in electric conductivity of the liquid examples when stirred with Dowex blended bed ion exchange material was determined.


0.1 g of Dowex material was contributed to 100g of fluid samples that was absorbed a separate container. The mixture was stirred and alter in the electric conductivity at area temperature level was measured every hour. The measured change in the electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O and EG-LC test liquids including polymer or metal when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C is shown Figure 3.

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Figure 3. Ion leaching experiment: Calculated adjustment in electrical conductivity of water and EG-LC coolants consisting of either polymer or steel samples when submersed for 5,000 hours at 80C. The results show that steels contributed less ions into the fluids than plastics in both UP-H2O and EG-LC based coolants. This could be as a result of a slim steel oxide layer which may work as an obstacle to ion leaching and cationic diffusion.




Fluids including polypropylene and HDPE displayed the cheapest electrical conductivity adjustments. This might be as a result of the short, rigid, direct chains which are less most likely to contribute ions than longer branched chains with weak intermolecular pressures. Silicone likewise executed well in both test liquids, as polysiloxanes are generally chemically inert due to the high bond energy of the silicon-oxygen bond which would stop deterioration of the material into the fluid.

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It would be anticipated that PVC would certainly produce comparable outcomes to those of PTFE and HDPE based upon the similar chemical structures of the materials, nonetheless there may be other pollutants present in the PVC, such as plasticizers, that might impact the electric conductivity of the liquid - silicone synthetic oil. Furthermore, chloride teams in PVC can additionally leach into the test fluid and can create a boost in electric conductivity


Buna-N rubber and polyurethane showed indications of degradation and thermal decomposition which suggests that their possible energy as a gasket or adhesive material at higher temperatures could bring about application problems. Polyurethane totally disintegrated into the test liquid by the end of 5000 hour examination. Figure 4. Before and after pictures of steel and polymer examples submersed for 5,000 hours at 80C in the ion leaching experiment.


Measured modification in the electrical conductivity of UP-H2O coolant as a function of time with and without material cartridge in the shut indirect cooling loop experiment. The determined modification in electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O for 136 hours with and without ion exchange material in the loop is displayed in Figure 5.

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